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Home » England » Guarding the Wall on Hadrian’s Wall Path

Guarding the Wall on Hadrian’s Wall Path

July 19, 2016 Carol Guttery 29 Comments

Built by the Romans, appropriated by the British and now presided over by hikers, Hadrian’s Wall guards the old northern border between England and Scotland. Hiking on the Hadrian’s Wall path gives visitors the opportunity to make like a Roman soldier. Hikers can patrol the old border, taking in the ancient history…and the view.

Who is Hadrian? And What’s With His Wall?

Hadrian was the Roman Emperor from 117-138 AD. The Empire during this time was quite far flung, reaching from what is now Portugal east to Armenia and Romania south to Israel. The most far flung outpost, however, was Britannia. The region that now comprises England and Wales was, in 122 AD, the northernmost outpost of the empire. There were ongoing rebellions in Britannia which Rome had a devilish time controlling. So Hadrian commissioned the building of a wall to protect the borders of the Empire and keep out “the barbarians”. By this, he meant the Scots.

And so a wall was built.

Hadrian's Wall to Housesteads Fort
There are still long sections of intact wall particularly between Chesters Fort and Housesteads Fort

The Building of the Wall

“When I first came here, this was all swamp. Everyone said I was daft to build a castle on a swamp, but I built in all the same, just to show them. It sank into the swamp. So I built a second one. That sank into the swamp. So I built a third. That burned down, fell over, then sank into the swamp. But the fourth one stayed up. And that’s what you’re going to get, Lad, the strongest castle in all of England.”
—-King of Swamp Castle, Monty Python and the Holy Grail

The process for building the wall was sort of like what the King of the Swamp experienced. The wall was first built of turf, like that was going to hold anyone out. Plus, it fell into the swamp. So they added wood pilings. But they fell into the swamp. So they switched to stone…good idea! But then, like all construction projects, it went over time and budget. So they narrowed the depth of the wall from 10 feet to 7. To further keep out the Barbarians, they dug a ditch, or Vallum on the flat sections to create a more defensible space. They also added turrets every third of a mile, milecastles every mile and forts every seven or so miles.

Now THAT’s a wall…the strongest in all of England.

Hadrian's Wall Path Winding Countryside
The wall winds along the natural contours of the countryside
Vallum of Hadrian's Wall
This deep ditch, or Vallum, was dug on the north side of the wall. Even in sections where the wall has fallen, hikers still need to navigate the ditch

Roman Architects are Geniuses

In addition to figuring out how to build a wall that didn’t fall into a swamp, the Romans had to architect a series of forts large enough to house and feed up to 11,000 troops guarding the wall. It’s easy to think of our modern architecture, with its central heating and eat-in kitchens as the apex of human comfort. And perhaps it is. But those Romans knew how to make themselves comfortable. The forts had fairly sizable housing for both man and horse. And each fort had its own bath house which was designed not only for bathing but also for socializing, gaming and exercise. They rigged up a system that included heated floors, a series of pools with different water temperatures and flush toilet facilities.

It sort of functioned like my gym- where the old guys work out for a bit, then they go into the spa area where they toggle between the hot tub and sauna room all the while jawing with their buddies and flexing their muscles. Perhaps not much has changed since AD117, but credit to the Romans for being the first to do the full macho.

Chesters Fort Baths
Elevated floors and good drainage were key features at the Chesters Fort baths
Chesters Fort housing
Chesters Fort housing for humans and horses
Housesteads Fort Hadrian's Wall Path
Elevated flooring at Housesteads fort served to provide storage rooms with drainage and protection from varmits

Take a Hike on Hadrian’s Wall Path

Hadrian’s Wall is both a UNESCO World Heritage and an English Heritage site. At one time, the wall was the guard, but now, the wall itself needs guarding if it is to be preserved. The development of the a walking path along the wall was a delicate business. Archaeologists and conservationists were resistant to the development of the Hadrian’s Wall path citing concerns that wall walkers would have a negative impact on the archaeology and natural resources of the site. A proactive site management scheme was put into place and in 2003 the full pathway was completed.

The path runs from Newcastle-Upon-Tyne to Bowness-on-Solway for a distance of 84 miles. But hikers can take the wall at their ease as I did recently with a 4 day, 40 mile hike along a ‘best of’ section of the wall.

It is said that there are 11,000 hikers a year on the wall. Which, ironically, approximates the number of Roman soldiers that used to man the forts and guard the wall. Absent the need to defend against the Barbarians, today’s hikers patrol the wall for exercise and historical enlightenment.

Guys Hiking Hadrian's Wall
Following  the old Roman Road on Hadrian’s Wall Path
Hadrian's Wall Path Hiking
Despite the popularity of the trail, in June it didn’t feel crowded. Hikers can spread out along the 80 miles and enjoy the pastoral scenery and their own solitude
Hadrian's Wall Walk near Birdoswald
Meet Tiff and Gran. This grandmother/granddaughter duo were hiking the trail together. The Brits are a hardy lot and I find it encouraging that, for them, hiking is not just for young people.
UK Hiking Hadrian's Wall Path Carol Guttery
Outfitted in my Gore-Tex battle armour, I will defend my patch of the wall.

The True Guardians of Hadrian’s Wall

There are 15 million head of sheep in England and many of them have been pressed into service guarding the wall. That grass may be green because of England’s prodigious rain, but rest assured that the grassland along Hadrian’s Wall is well fertilized due to the careful ministrations of the guardian sheep.

Sheep on Hadrian's Wall
This guardian of the wall took her job very seriously
Sheep on Hadrian's Wall
Heavy wool sweaters characterize the typical soldier uniform. Much warmer than those skirt thingies that the Roman soldiers wore. No wonder they needed a hot bath
Rams on Hadrian's Wall path
These rams work in pairs to monitor movement of the hordes of hikers
Sheep walking Hadrian's Wall Path
Patrolling a section of the wall
Tiny Gate Hadrian's Wall
Lest the sheep escape their paddocks, this wee little gate allows hikers to pass through private lands. Doesn’t it look like something from the Shire?

50 Shades of Green on Hadrian’s Wall Path

The popularity of Hadrian’s Wall path is certainly driven by the its architectural history and the hiker’s love of a bracing long walk. But it wouldn’t be such a popular hiking trail were it not for the eye candy. Rolling countryside punctuated by bracingly steep crags. Grassy fields punctuated by groves of trees. The wall was built on defensible high ground, assuring that hikers, two millenia later, would be treated to grand views that seems to encompass all of England.

Poppy in the Wheat Field England
Knee deep in wheat and poppies
Hotbank Crags Hadrian's Wall
Hotbank Crags are one of the steepest parts of the wall path. No need to dig a ditch here
Beech and Pine on Hadrian's Wall
A copse of beech and pine forest along the wall
Sycamore Gap Hadrian's Wall
This sycamore tree guards the gap between two craggy segments of the trail

I could have rented a car and driven to the key sites along the trail. But by choosing to walk Hadrian’s Wall path, I got to visualize myself as a Roman soldier, patrolling the wall. Slowly traversing the countryside made me better able to appreciate the scale and ambition of the wall. And the countryside rewarded me with intimate views like the sheep in their pastures and epic views like the steep crags.

If you are interested in hiking the wall, check out my 4-day 40 mile hiking itinerary and my packing list for a UK hiking and sightseeing trip. I also encourage you to get the “Hadrian’s Wall Path” guidebook by Henry Stedman. It has detailed maps and tons of practical information to help you organize your own hike.

For more hiking inspiration, check out

  • 4-day best of Hadrian’s wall itinerary
  • Hiking SW England’s Jurassic Coast.
  • Walking the Camino de Santiago solo
  • Advice for how to become a Flaneur…an urban walker

Your Parting Shot

Windshields Crags Hadrian's Wall
Windshields Crags

Inspire others to patrol the wall….Pin it!

Guarding the old border between England and Scotland, Hadrian's Wall path offers hikers a beautiful way to patrol the England's Roman history

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Blog, Europe England, Hiking, Outdoor Adventure, United Kingdom

About Carol Guttery

Carol Guttery is the founder of Wayfaring Views, and is a travel writer, photographer, and philanthropy consultant. She's been tackling the world for forty years and has been to 43+ countries and territories.

Comments

  1. Tami says

    March 27, 2018 at 3:10 pm

    Great post! It has sparked a desire to do more adventurous things like this when I travel — getting off the beaten path and really experiencing the history sounds amazing! Loved your captions, too. You’ve got a great sense of humor!

    Reply
    • Carol Guttery says

      March 27, 2018 at 4:56 pm

      Thanks Tami. This is a great hike. The combination of beautiful landscape and the history made it really engaging.

      Reply
  2. Salt in our Hair says

    July 25, 2016 at 12:53 pm

    Beautiful landscape !!

    Reply
  3. Anisa says

    July 23, 2016 at 1:18 pm

    Wow looks beautiful and the story behind it is interesting. I don’t know if I could do a multi-day hike, but might try to look into hiking a short section.

    Reply
    • Carol Guttery says

      July 24, 2016 at 12:56 pm

      Check out my 4 day itinerary- you could a modified day 3 day hike parking at Steel Rigg or Brocalitia, hike a 1-way and then take the bus or cab back to the car. https://wayfaringviews.com/4-day-itinerary-for-the-hadrians-wall-walk/

      Reply
  4. Emily says

    July 23, 2016 at 9:31 am

    Great post, I love the quality of your photos – it really brings the wall to life. I live in Scotland and we often joke about Hadrian’s Wall, but I haven’t visited in years. This really makes me want to visit again!

    Reply
    • Carol Guttery says

      July 24, 2016 at 12:57 pm

      Thank you! No excuses for you- Newcastle is an easy train ride from Edinburgh

      Reply
  5. Eva-Marjan Lamot says

    July 22, 2016 at 6:47 pm

    Wow, your pictures are very clear and have a calming effect on me actually! Great history lies here covered in this wall!
    Thanks for all the useful information and insights!

    Reply
    • Carol Guttery says

      July 23, 2016 at 9:21 am

      Thank you so much. The hike itself was pretty calming. Countryside and sheep will do that to you

      Reply
  6. Eva Casey says

    July 22, 2016 at 10:05 am

    Very cool experience! I love the reversal due to time of the wall protecting its’ people and then the people needing to protect the wall.

    Reply
  7. Arzo Travels says

    July 22, 2016 at 3:50 am

    What a beautiful and interesting wall. Would definitely love to hike there and enjoy the gorgeous scenery as well.

    Reply
  8. Marteen says

    July 22, 2016 at 1:40 am

    The history of the wall is fascinating and it’s important to preserve this important archaeological site. I loved how you threw in a bit of Monty Python, classic 🙂

    Reply
    • Carol Guttery says

      July 25, 2016 at 2:08 pm

      What is the airspeed of an African swallow

      Reply
  9. Lauren says

    July 21, 2016 at 9:51 pm

    I always wanted to know more about Hadrian’s wall. I love the historical insights you shared and your photos definitely made me want to hike along (part of) it!

    Reply
    • Carol Guttery says

      July 23, 2016 at 9:20 am

      Well the whole thing is 80 miles and we didn’t want to do that much either. But you can also take chunks of it for day hikes

      Reply
  10. Rosemary says

    July 21, 2016 at 9:28 pm

    Loved learning about the history of Hadrian’s Wall. It’s not a place I am familiar with, but it sounds like the Camino. The pictures of the sheep are amazing. Especially love the guardian sheep! Great pictures and looks like a fun experience.

    Reply
    • Carol Guttery says

      July 23, 2016 at 9:19 am

      I also have a raft of content on hiking the Camino
      https://wayfaringviews.com/tag/el-camino-de-santiago

      Reply
  11. Rosi c. says

    July 21, 2016 at 1:15 pm

    Great pics. That is very interesting history. never heard of the place.

    Reply
  12. Natasha Welch says

    July 21, 2016 at 11:31 am

    Really interesting post, I actually had no idea why and when the wall was built so thanks for that haha!! Would love to take some hikes across the Hadrian’s wall, looks like there’s some lovely scenery there, love your pics 🙂

    Reply
    • Carol Guttery says

      July 21, 2016 at 1:08 pm

      Thanks Natasha- tons and tons of hiking trails in the UK

      Reply
  13. Maggie says

    July 21, 2016 at 10:52 am

    What a great hike, love the photos!

    Reply
  14. RWM says

    July 21, 2016 at 10:20 am

    I really enjoyed your photographs and commentary. I have always been interested in the wall and its history. Thanks for getting me closer to being there.

    Reply
    • Carol Guttery says

      July 21, 2016 at 11:06 am

      Thanks- I’ve wanted to do it for years and am so glad that I finally did

      Reply
  15. Briana says

    July 21, 2016 at 9:29 am

    Great photos and facts! Love the information here. Well done!

    Reply
    • Carol Guttery says

      July 21, 2016 at 11:07 am

      Thank you for the feedback

      Reply
  16. Rob Taylor says

    July 20, 2016 at 4:16 pm

    What an awesome history hike! I haven’t been to the wall but would love to explore its length as the purpose of a trip. Thanks for sharing both the history and your experience! (and I love the sheep on the wall, baaaahh ha ha)

    Reply
    • Carol Guttery says

      July 21, 2016 at 8:49 am

      Thanks Rob. It is indeed the best combo of history trip and nature hiking. You can get that at Maccu Picchu but there are very few other places like it

      Reply
  17. Marilyn Eaton says

    July 20, 2016 at 12:47 pm

    Wonderful photos and dialogue about your recent trip.

    Reply
    • Carol Guttery says

      July 21, 2016 at 8:49 am

      Thanks Marilyn

      Reply

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